Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) refers to the condition of the air within buildings and structures, such as homes, offices, schools, and public spaces. It encompasses various factors that affect the health, comfort, and well-being of occupants who breathe the air indoors. Ensuring good IAQ is essential as most people spend a significant portion of their time inside buildings, making the quality of the air they breathe a crucial aspect of their overall health.

The components of IAQ include the presence of pollutants, temperature, humidity, ventilation, and air circulation. Common indoor pollutants can arise from various sources, including building materials, household products, cleaning chemicals, and outdoor contaminants that infiltrate indoors. These pollutants may include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter, mold, allergens, and various gases.